Cambridge First Certificate Writing Tips.In conclusion - to conclude - to sum up - in a nutshell - in brief - in short - all in all - everything considered. To summarise, you can use the following expressions: He helped the new policewoman so as not to fail in her first mission.They visited him so as to offer their condolences for the death of his wife.She wakes up early in order to be on time to work.In order to - in order not to - so as to - so as not to - to - not to To express purpose use the following words: Consequently, he had a lot of trouble answering the exam questions. He had spent most of his time hanging around instead of revising his lessons.The plane was delayed because of the foggy weather.We can't go to Sue's party because we'll be busy working on our project.She remained silent, for she was so depressed to talk.To express cause and effect, you can use these expressions:Ĭonsequently - as a consequence - as a result - therefore - because of this - for this reason - because - since - as - for - due to - owing to The boy takes after his father whereas the girl takes after the mother. They have got two children, a boy and girl.
Although she's very nice, her classmates hate her.In spite of / despite Fred's old age, he goes jogging every morning.Nevertheless, nothing has been done to solve the problem or at least reduce its negative effects. Brain drain has terrible consequences on the developing countries.To express contrast, you can use these expressions:Īlthough - even though - in spite of / despite - however - yet - nevertheless - nonetheless - on the contrary - whereas - on the one hand. In addition to this, his relationship to his parents got worse. John's grades are terrible because he has been so lazy these days.If the project fails this will have terrible consequences not only on our department, but also on the whole organisation.furthermore - besides - also - too - and. In addition, - as well as - moreover - what is more - not only.but also. To add information, you can use these expressions: Like other languages, English has a lot of cohesive or transitional devices and linking words that can be used to express and join ideas.
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